Equality and Diversity Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Equity and Diversity Policies - Essay Example Despite the fact that there are shifted view of assorted variety in idea and practice, one minimal and far reaching definition is given by Esty, et al. (1995), where the creators state that:â€Å"Diversity is recognizing, understanding, tolerating, esteeming, and praising contrasts among individuals as for age, class, ethnicity, sex, physical and mental capacity, race, sexual direction, profound practice, and open help status.†Diversity the board, Foster and Harris (2005) opine, â€Å"Encourages inventive practices in human asset the executives that qualities business relationship by tending to individual needs.† Potentially, managers see monstrous bit of leeway in sending demographically various workforce.Diversity, instead of equivalent chance, reaches out past enactment and concentrates more on contrasts among people and gatherings. The liberal viewpoint has moved the decent variety talk from giving equivalent open doors tending to social segregation to advancing and overseeing assorted variety for cultural advancement and points of interest. Equivalent open doors strategies frequently advances equivalence in treatment of people; though, decent variety centers around overseeing singular contrasts for increasing serious edge. Assorted variety means, sex, age, ethnic foundation, just as, non-obvious qualities, similar to work understanding and handicap factors (Kersten, 2000). In this unique situation, differing workgroup is starting to be perceived for its contributory incentive to meet hierarchical destinations, than just to meet legitimate. also, administrative angles. Laflã ¨che (2005) picks an illustration â€Å"head and heart† to accentuate the impact of decent variety on the internal functions of an association. It is another method of saying that the whole endeavor must focus on the reason for decent variety so as to make a persuading and enduring change in human asset and group the board rehearses that is viewed as steady and

Essay About Drawing On What You Have Learned About City Road Example For Students

Exposition About Drawing On What You Have Learned About City Road The reason for this task is to look into the social request of City Road with a neighborhood street to exhibit how request is made and is consistently fixed after some time. Denial Street, has changed impressively in the course of recent years, from a calm road of exclusively possessed shops, for example, Halyard Jeweler, Benefit footwear, and just a single a major accommodation store, Today, you will discover less separately claimed and a lot increasingly enormous name high road shops, for example, Primary and Tests Express. Initially, I will analyze Abnegation Street, and how it has changed to City Road. Denial Street used to be the primary avenue to the town community, with a cable car running down the focal point of the road making evincible request, these days the road remains undetectably requested yet is utilized contrastingly as it is currently rudely walkers. It is both a daytime shopping zone and an evening time social space. In the interim City Road has transformed from a straightforward nation street to a bustling town through street, anyway likenesses despite everything exist with Abnegation Street as both are currently shopping and social spaces, as City Roads cross vehicle showrooms, have been supplanted by shops, bistros, takeaways and eateries intended for a wide scope of individuals. With the adjustments being used, have come the progressions in noticeable request, Abnegation Streets use changes for the duration of the day, in a fundamentally the same as approach to City Road. Shopping is the daytime occupation, with individuals eating and savoring the bistros, obvious request is shown by adherence to the social orders leads as individuals line in systematic design to buy merchandise. Disturbance of social request sporadically happens when for instance, shoplifting happens, anyway this is dissuaded by CATV maintaining imperceptible control and is fixed by the nearness of security monitors forestalling further episodes. Social request is available around evening time in Abnegation Street just as in City Road, around evening time the shops close, as the takeaways, bars and clubs open. Youngsters at that point use Abnegation Street for amusement instead of for shopping. In spite of the fact that, Abnegation Street acquires various kinds of individuals during the various occasions of day, various shops and settings are focused on specific gatherings of individuals, The more youthful age utilize cheap food takeaways or go to socialite at the bars around evening time, while in the Depose Aromas Surer, from Taste bud cafeâ © discusses how for the most part older clients consistently return to his cafeâ © during the day, since they have a sense of safety in there this could be to do with the sorts of individuals utilizing the avenues during a day the old or younger students (Making Social Lives on City Road DVD, 2009, scene 3). Most undetectable social request around evening time in Abnegation Street is kept up by the utilization of CATV, Whilst obvious evening request is kept up by the nearness Of club bouncers, the police and neighborhood network bolster officials. Youngsters may see the nearness Of the police and network bolster laborers as an impediment to them having a ton of fun, while the retailers depend on the police to keep up social request and shield their property from tipsy or unplanned terrible conduct. Social request is likewise influenced by the flood of huge business; this is exhibited in the DVD, which shows how the appearance of Tests Express to City Road brings about the conclusion of littler organizations. There are disparities between neighborhood shops and the huge named general stores on the two lanes. On Abnegation Street there are two exceptionally prevailing stores, Tests Express again just as Marks and Spencer, Both of these shops have a huge assortment of items on offer at serious costs; these stores likewise have a more extensive scope of merchandise for the comfort of the clients, .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .postImageUrl , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:hover , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:visited , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:active { border:0!important; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:active , .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:hover { obscurity: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uf9343bec55c bd05ea97c66b93f37048f .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uf9343bec55cbd05ea97c66b93f37048f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: My Testimony - The End of the Road EssayIn City Road, as in Abnegation Street, the littler entrepreneur reports antagonistic effects, a case of this is Colic Butler (the depicted how he had been influenced, saying that Tests moving in near his store has brought about a decrease in exchange. On the constructive side the opening of notable chains can positively affect redoing society, and social requesting, as it can realize more employments, and urge individuals to utilize the region all the more bringing about different places, for example, bistros, eateries being busier. As Georgian Blakely call attention to certain individua ls gain from the reshaping and a few people lose (Making Social Lives, 009, Scene 5). All in all, social request will consistently need to adjust, change and be persistently rebuilt, and fixed to meet societys prerequisites. The impacts of a solitary change can massively affect a road and the individuals that it includes. This can be found in the impact that pediatricians had on Abnegation Streets principle utilizes, it is additionally obvious to see that the scarcest change can massively affect the social requesting Of the region. This can be applied to any road on the planet. 814 WORDS Bibliography, * Blakeley, G.. Brimley, S. ,Clarke. Aerogram, P Silva, E. What's more, Taylor, S. (2009) Learning Companion 1, Introducing the sociologies, Milton Keynes, The Open University. * The road (2009) Making Social Lives , Milton Keynes, The Open college. What have you appreciated about beginning this module? Have delighted in getting once more into concentrating once more, subsequent to leaving school, Im unquestionably looking mug to the remainder of this course. What have you discovered troublesome? Time the executives is my fundamental trouble, shuffling working and composing a task yet Im sure will locate this simpler over the long haul.

Anna Teytelman Japanese Hip-Hop Extraordinaire!

Anna Teytelman Japanese Hip-Hop Extraordinaire! When most people say they have a UROP, you can immediately imagine them sitting at a lab bench while wearing a white lab coat, safety glasses, and gloves. If Anna Teytelman, a sophomore in Management Science (Course 15) and Mathematics with Computer Science (Course 18C), showed up to her UROP in such attire, her boss would probably, no, definitely, laugh at her and possibly send her to MIT Medical. Anna has every music lovers dream job: she researches Japanese hip-hop for Professor Ian Condry, an Assistant Professor in the Foreign Languages and Literatures (FLL) Department. Annas research is in the area of Japanese popular culture and is focused on Japanese Hip Hop. She studies its evolution from its relatively recent birth and also compares Japanese and American Hip Hop. She explains,On the one hand, Japanese hip-hop admittedly takes a lot of its roots from the American styles, which come from mostly African-American origins. On the other hand, a lot of artists intentionally take a lot of their material from Japanese cultural sources. Some rappers use Japanese poetry styles such as haiku and tanka (ancient 31-syllable poetic form). Another distinctive point is that a lot of underground rappers focus their songs on political events such as the September 11 attacks in the US, the war in Iraq, and Japanese education system reform. Her UROP includes two very interesting aspects: researching information on hip-hop and making website for her lab, HyperStudio. Her supervisor, Professor Condry, has just finished writing a book on Japanese hip-hop, and she is now doing some further research for him. Although the book is far from being published, she highly recommends taking a look at it when it comes out. The second aspect of her job is creating a MetaMedia website that will contain various media for use by MIT faculty and students. With the help of other people in Hyperstudio, which is a media studio jointly sponsored by the FLL Department and Comparative Media Studies, she is helping to lay the foundation for this potentially very useful database. In order to do this, she is currently preparing some of the translated videos and songs that will serve as examples for the points made in Professor Condrys book. Ideally, this website will also be used as a resource for Professor Condrys Japanese Culture classes. To see some sample videos, visit his website at www.iancondry.com. Anna really enjoys her unique UROP, especially learning little random facts about Japanese culture. She likes the flexibility of working on her UROP from home and has the added bonus of shocking people in the lounge by blasting Japanese rap from her laptop while working. She is also particularly proud that her professor has a picture of himself with Snoop Dogg in his office. How many other people can make that claim? Outside of class, Anna plays a ton of intramural soccer (shes lost count of how many teams shes on) and she plays whenever she has the chance. She is also a Resident Associate Advisor at Next House, where she helps run a freshman seminar and tries to make freshmen as comfortable as possible. Her advice is to enjoy whatever you do. No matter where you end up, this is the only thing that in the end you will really wish you had done in college. Clearly, she is following her advice by participating in such a one-of-a-kind UROP! Note: The picture was taken from www.japantoday.com/dbfiles/feature/rap.54.jpg

Cundo un ciudadano puede pedir green card a hijastros

Los ciudadanos americanos pueden pedir la green card, tambià ©n conocida como tarjeta de residencia permanente,  para los hijos extranjeros de su marido o de su mujer. Las reglas son distintas si los hijos son menores de 21 aà ±os y solteros o si son mayores o està ¡n casados. Aplican las mismas normas para los casos en los que el varà ³n es el estadounidense y la mujer la extranjera y se pide a los hijos de à ©sta o el caso contrario. Es decir, cuando una mujer estadounidense contrae matrimonio con un hombre forà ¡neo y solicita la tarjeta de residencia permanente para los hijos de à ©ste. Requisitos del matrimonio entre ciudadano y extranjero para poder pedir a los hijos de à ©ste El primer requerimiento para poder pedir a un hijastro es que el và ­nculo entre ciudadano estadounidense y el cà ³nyuge extranjero sea un  matrimonio legal và ¡lido en el lugar en el que se celebraron, no una mera relacià ³n de pareja o de hecho. Por otro lado, nunca se admiten los casos de bigamia, que en los Estados Unidos se considerado como un delito. Ademà ¡s, seà ±alar que las leyes federales de migracià ³n reconocen los mismos derechos a los matrimonios heterosexuales, conformados por una mujer y un varà ³n, que a los formados con dos personas del mismo sexo.   Pero,  ¿quià ©nes se consideran hijastros? A los efectos de peticià ³n de ciudadano para hijastros la ley es muy clara y pide que se cumplan dos requerimientos. En primer lugar, que se trate de hijos biolà ³gicos del cà ³nyuge extranjero casado con un ciudadano o que se trate de un hijo adoptado legalmente. Sà ³lo se admiten esos dos casos, por lo tanto quedan excluidas situaciones como hijos de crianza, tutor legal, etc. En segundo lugar, el ciudadano estadounidense sà ³lo podrà ¡ pedir a los hijastros que tenà ­an menos de 18 aà ±os en el momento de celebrarse el casorio, aunque los reclame aà ±os mà ¡s tarde cuando ya son mà ¡s mayores de dicha edad. Es fundamental entender que los hijastros con los 18 aà ±os cumplidos o mayores en el momento en el que su mamà ¡ o su papà ¡ se casà ³ con un ciudadano americano no pueden ser pedidos por à ©ste mediante este procedimiento. Si bien hay otras opciones que se explican en este artà ­culo mà ¡s abajo. Si se cumplen estos dos requisitos, se aplican reglas distintas segà ºn la edad y el estado civil del hijastro. Hijastros menores de 21 aà ±os que està ¡n solteros Este grupo de personas se considera como familiares inmediatos de un ciudadano americano. Esto es muy importante porque al estar en esta categorà ­a no  hay là ­mites anuales al nà ºmero de personas que pueden conseguir la green card por este camino. Sà ³lo hay que esperar a que se apruebe su peticià ³n, lo que generalmente toma sà ³lo unos meses. La tramitacià ³n de los papeles se inicia enviando el formulario I-130 al Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a, USCIS por sus siglas en inglà ©s. Se debe completar uno por cada hijastro y antes de iniciar los trà ¡mites verificar que se tienen ingresos suficientes para patrocinar y que el hijastro pedido no tiene en su historial ninguna causa que vaya a provocar que se le deniegue la green card. Si los hijastros està ¡n ya en Estados Unidos hay que ver si està ¡n en condicià ³n de ajustar su estatus.   Si entraron ilegalmente al paà ­s no serà ¡ posible ajustar el estatus, por lo que antes de iniciar ningà ºn trà ¡mite consultar con un abogado ya que tendrà ¡n que salir del paà ­s para completar la tramitacià ³n y deben tener claro las posibles consecuencias negativas de la aplicacià ³n del castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os y tambià ©n verificar si esa regla les aplica o pueden estar excluidos. Si està ¡n en el extranjero, el USCIS debe aprobar primero la peticià ³n y posteriormente  se comunicarà ¡ con  el Centro Nacional de Visas y à ©ste con la oficina consular que deba tramitar la visa y con la persona interesada. En estos casos los hijastros del ciudadano  viajarà ¡n a Estados Unidos con una visa de inmigrante y se convertirà ¡n en residentes permanentes en el momento de ingresar al paà ­s.  ¿Quà © pasa si mientras se tramita la green card uno de los hijastros cumple 21 aà ±os? A veces ocurre que se pide al hijastro cuando es soltero y tiene menos de 21 aà ±os, pero la tramitacià ³n se alarga y cumplen los 21 y todavà ­a no tienen los papeles. En estos casos la ley  les protege y sigue considerando que pueden continuar el trà ¡mite ya iniciado. Se trata de una ficcià ³n legal que considera que la edad del pedido se ha congelado.  ¿Quà © pasa si una vez iniciado el trà ¡mite el hijastro se casa? Este es un caso muy distinto al anterior.  Ã‚  El hijastro pasa de ser un familiar inmediato de un ciudadano a ser considerado categorà ­a F3. En estos casos la espera para obtener los papeles es muy larga, siendo incluso mayor en el caso de Mà ©xico cuando se compara con otros paà ­ses de Latinoamà ©rica o Espaà ±a. Se debe consultar el boletà ­n de visas que cada mes publica el Departamento de Estado para un cà ¡lculo aproximado de los tiempos de espera. Hijastros de cualquier edad que està ¡n casados o solteros mayores de 21 aà ±os En este caso, el ciudadano americano todavà ­a puede solicitar la green card para sus hijastros, pero habrà ¡ que esperar a que haya una visa de inmigrante  disponible para ellos. Los solteros mayores de 21 aà ±os son un F1 y los casados de cualquier edad un F3. Recordar que siempre se va a mirar quà © edad tenà ­a la persona pedida en el momento en que su padre o madre se casà ³ con el ciudadano americano que los està ¡ pidiendo y que ese matrimonio debe haber tenido lugar antes de que cumplieran los 18 aà ±os. Otras opciones Para los casos en los que no es posible ninguna de las opciones anteriores porque el matrimonio tuvo lugar despuà ©s de que se cumplieran los 18 aà ±os de edad todavà ­a hay opciones. Por ejemplo, un ciudadano puede pedir a su cà ³nyuge extranjero. Este se convierte en residente permanente legal y , por lo tanto, tiene derecho propio a pedir a sus hijos solteros de cualquier edad (pero no a los casados). Pero ese residente puede, si asà ­ lo desea, solicitar la ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n despuà ©s de que pasen 3 aà ±os de casado con ciudadano. Y una vez que convierte en ciudadano puede pedir a sus hijos casados. Consejos a tener en cuenta antes de iniciar la tramitacià ³n Es posible que el USCIS no apruebe la peticià ³n de la residencia permanente para los hijastros. En estos casos, verificar si se puede apelar la decisià ³n. Tambià ©n conviene asegurarse de que se tienen recursos econà ³micos suficientes o, en el caso de no tenerlos, garantizarse un copatrocinador e informarse de cà ³mo  pueden afectar las deudas y/o el mal crà ©dito a las peticiones de familia. Finalmente, para las personas interesadas en la green card se recomienda tomar este test de respuestas mà ºltiples que ayuda de un modo sencillo a conocer los puntos fundamentales sobre la tarjeta de residencia, cà ³mo obtenerla y cà ³mo conservarla.

Company X s Attitude Towards Being Socially Responsible

Company X’s attitude towards being socially responsible is being clouded by its desire to maintain high profits. With its current actions, Company X is catering to a select group of its primary stakeholders such as the investors and shareholders. They seem to be forgetting that the customers, employees, and the community are also primary stakeholders. We will look into the scenario and dissect the company’s actions to show how they are alienating the community that will ultimately determine their reputation and profitability. Taking years to comply with repeated requests for healthy and organic options demonstrates a dismissive attitude towards one of the key aspects of their company â€Å"the customer†. Eventually, Company X complies with the customers repeated requests and provides healthier options. Unfortunately, the healthier products Company X provides are high margin products. Many of the high margin healthier products are unobtainable for most lower and middle class families. The limited amount of high priced healthy products may become a negative for Company X. It may appear to customers as ploy to increase the sales on processed foods which would be more profitable to the stores. Processed foods are easier to ship and have a longer shelf life that fresh and organic foods. The processed items are also cheaper to produce and can create higher revenue for Company X. Company X fails to realize that producing healthy and organic products could make them more sociallyShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility Of The World Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pagesorigin of Corporate Social Responsibility in businesses has no fixed date. Most experts, scholars, researchers, practitioners, writers, philanthropists, civil societies conscious citizens opined that it can be carried out in an ethical and socially responsible manner. 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Lincoln, the Movie Free Essays

At the beginning of the movie we see Lincoln talking to two African Americans who served in the war, and they went on to say that they loved his speech and one of them even quoted the end of his speech. This movie shows us how much we need rescuing. According to Spielberg, Lincoln and his contemporaries debated the moral merits of ending slavery now or ending the war now. We will write a custom essay sample on Lincoln, the Movie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lincoln was gaining and losing votes. People are looking at it as this: if African Americans are given rights then women are next and people do not want that. A man had said that if we give African Americans the freedom then they are going to want more. Lincoln does not know that there are bribes being made in order to get 20 votes from the representatives. Lincoln is trying his hardest to keep going. Not only is there this problem but family is getting in the way. The south are against everything Lincoln stands for. Some believe that passing the amendment; the war will stop while others think otherwise. Lincoln believes that the war is almost done with. He believes that the amendment will pass and he won’t stop until it does. People have given up on him while others keep on fighting with him. Lincoln tells stories that have a moral to go along with what is going on. Lincoln may be known for a lot of things but the most important thing was freeing the slaves. He didn’t have much schooling but he specks so wise and has a lot of knowledge. This movie shows how one man made the biggest difference with his actions and words. People were against him but are now seeing that Lincoln is willing to keep pushing forward. Of course god is used in the debate saying that African Americans shouldn’t have freedom. The south is fighting against Lincoln and not giving up. My favorite quote is one that is used to this day. â€Å"All men are created equal. † Lincoln is an honest man and even visited war heroes in the hospital. Lincoln’s son believes that it is better for him to go to war but Lincoln doesn’t want that. There is a lot on tense between Lincoln and his wife since losing Willy. Mrs. Lincoln thinks that she is going to lose her son once he joins the war. Lincoln goes to see those who are helping him get the democratic vote. His wife has a break down talking about how Lincoln could have sent her to the loony pin after losing her youngest son. Lincoln thinks that the amendment is the cure for the war. People are telling him to give up, to not change the constitution. The day of the vote, African Americans are welcome to what is called their house. The democrats are changing their minds from no to yes. To end the movie on a sad note, the president was shot. Saturday April 15. Such a great lost from a man who gave the African Americans their freedom. Also at the end, Lincoln is giving a speech. He had deep depression, even though he would frequently tell stories and jokes to friends and family. Lincoln, one week before his death, had a dream of someone crying in the White House, when he found the room; he looked in and asked who had passed away. The man in the room said the President. When he looked in the coffin it was his own face he saw. His party was Republican and he was president for four years from 1861-1865, when he was assassinated. In 1844 Lincoln formed a legal partnership with William Herndon. The two men worked well together and shared similar political views. Herndon later claimed that he was instrumental in changing Lincoln’s views on slavery. Lincoln’s continued to build up his legal work and in 1850 obtained the important role as the attorney for the Illinois Central Railroad. He also defended the son of a friend, William Duff Armstrong, who had been charged with murder. Lincoln successfully undermined the testimony of the prosecution’s star witness, Charles Allen, and Armstrong was found not guilty. How to cite Lincoln, the Movie, Essay examples

Caring Teachers Impact on Students free essay sample

This paper evaluates caring teachers and their impacts on students and the learning experience. This paper presents a study conducted by the Center of Adolescent Studies that looked at caring teachers by interviewing sixth, seventh and eighth grade students. The author reports students defined a caring teacher as a teacher who listens and helps them with personal problems and as a teacher who helps with homework, gives students individual attention, sets goals for students and talks to students about their behavior. The paper concludes that students learn better with a caring teacher and develop skills that allow them to continue to learn effectively once they are out of the classroom. Table of Contents Impact of a Caring Teacher Teaching Styles Used by Caring Teachers Attitudes of Teachers Success of Students The focus is on how the student can be helped. This is also important as it shows how the student is able to avoid ridicule and embarrassment. We will write a custom essay sample on Caring Teachers: Impact on Students or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This would be important in maintaining a students interest and self-esteem. The fourth response shows us how caring teachers are attentive to their students, which is important in making the student feel they are supported and noticed. The fourth response shows how a caring teacher also provides encouragement and praises students for good work. The final response shows how being caring actually creates a better environment where learning is interesting to students.

Are Premium Plugins Worth Buying When You Should Open Your Wallet

With over 55,000 free plugins at WordPress.org alone, its not surprising that many WordPress users wonder, are premium plugins worth buying?In this article, were going to try to answer that question by discussing the different pricing options most plugin developers use, and then posing some questions for you to answer to help you decide whether or not you should open your wallet and start looking for premium plugins. FreePremiumFreemiumThe main benefit of free plugins is right there in the name – they wont cost you a thing.Premium plugins, on the other hand, will cost you a fee to use. However, this provides them with the scope to offer dedicated support options. Additionally, they often provide more targeted, niche functionality than free plugins do (because charging a free lets them target a smaller market). You can find these plugins in many places online, such as  CodeCanyon  and  our own directory.WP Product Review is an example of a premium plugin that offers a lot of targeted features.Finally, freemium plugins offer a core free version, and then either:Sell a single pro versionSell multiple add-ons with specific premium featuresThe free tier will contain some basic functionality, and will be sufficient for many sites. The premium version, on the other hand, will include additional features and more support.Youll often encounter free and premium (or freemium) plugins that do the largely the same things. If youre looking for a plugin to back up your site, for example, you could go with UpdraftPlus or Duplicator, both of which are free in the WordPress Plugin Directory. Alternately, you could purchase BackupBuddy, which will cost you $80 per year.So, are premium plugins worth buying? Now that you understand what options are out there, let’s explore the answer to that question in more detail.Are premium plugins worth buying? Answer these 5 key questionsDeciding whether a premium plugin is worth the cost isn’t always simple. To help you out, here are five key questions to consider before settling on a plugin for your site.1. How flexible is your budget?The first thing you’ll need to consider is the most basic difference between free and premium plugins – cost. If youre operating on a shoestring budget, it makes sense to try and find a way to make free plugins work for your site.It might not always be ideal, but even if you cant find a free option that does exactly what you want, you can usually find one that gets  close. And if money is tight, that might be enoughat least to get started.2. Are you looking for specific or niche features?Once you’ve checked your budget, it’s time to consider what you’re actually looking for. While it’s easiest to simply start searching through the various plugin options available, it can be smarter to make a ‘shopping list’ beforehand. In other words, decide on the exact features and functionality you need,  then go look ing for tools that will do the job.This approach can make your ultimate choice a lot simpler. Sometimes, you’ll find both free and premium plugins that offer all the features on your list. In that scenario, the free plugin will have an advantage. However, this won’t always be the case. So when are premium plugins worth buying?While not an absolute, free plugins tend to focus on more general functionality – basic features that most sites need, such as improved security and Search Engine Optimization (SEO). If you’re looking for more niche features, on the other hand, free plugins can come up short. This means that if your site is a little off the beaten path, or you require very specific functionality, you may only find what you need in premium plugins.3. Do you need more functionality than the free versions of freemium plugins can provide?So far, we’ve been focusing largely on free and premium plugins. However, it’s important not to forget a bout the third pricing structure. Many of the best WordPress plugins work on a freemium model, and theyre as easy to find as strictly free and premium tools. A lot of them are located in the WordPress Plugin Directory, along with descriptions of how their various tiers differ:Choosing a freemium plugin can be a very smart decision. You can get a feel for how it works by trying out the free version first, rather than paying for a premium plugin you might not actually need. What’s more, it will quickly become obvious whether the features offered by the free version are enough. If you do decide you need more comprehensive or targeted functionality, you can upgrade immediately to one of the plugins premium tiers without any inconvenience or loss of data.4. Do the premium options have better ratings and reviews?It can be easy to assume that premium plugins are inherently ‘better’ than free plugins. In reality, however, this is far from the truth. You can find a lot of free plugins that are well reviewed, secure, and reliable. Similarly, just because a plugin costs money doesn’t guarantee that its a quality offering.At the same time, ratings and reviews can be a helpful way to choose the best tool for your site. If you’ve found both free and premium plugins that do what you need, take a look at how well other users have rated them, how popular they are, and how recently they’ve been updated. You can also read through reviews, and check to see if the developer of each plugin has an upstanding reputation.If the results of this research are similar for each class of plugin, you may be safe sticking with a free solution. If a premium option has superior reviews and comes from a more reputable source, however, it may be worth the cost.5. Are you looking for access to 24/7 support?It isn’t uncommon to find free and premium plugins that have essentially the same features, and are equally well-reviewed. This can lead you to wo nder: When are premium plugins worth buying, if you can get the same functionality for free?Often, the answer comes down to support. While many free plugins have dedicated forums and communities, getting support directly from the developers can be challenging. One of the primary perks of premium plugins is that they almost always come with a year’s worth of support bundled in. Typically, this means you’ll be able to get deeper, and more responsive, support. You may also get access to a members-only forum, live chat, or other exclusive resources.Therefore, premium plugins can be smart investments if you want to make sure you can always get help when you need it. This is particularity relevant when the plugin you’re interested in involves a lot of complex functionality, or when your site is going to rely heavily on its features. Just keep in mind that in most cases, you’ll need to renew your license each year to retain access to support.ConclusionAre premiu m plugins worth buying? After all, it seems wasteful to pay for something you could get for free. On the other hand, you may wonder whether free plugins can really do everything their premium counterparts can. The truth is that both types of plugins have their place, and are worth your consideration.To recap, here are some of the questions youll want to ask yourself when choosing between free and premium plugins:Is there room in your budget for a premium solution?Are you looking for specific or niche features?Do you need more functionality than the free versions of freemium plugins can provide?Do the premium options have better ratings and reviews?Are you looking for access to 24/7 support?What do you think: Are premium plugins worth buying? Share your thoughts in the comments section below! Are premium #WordPress #plugins worth paying for? Answer these questions to find out

Social Impact Assessment Critical Articles Review

Social Impact Assessment Critical Articles Review Environmental impact assessment is a critical part of every project that is carried out in the community. This assessment looks at the impacts that the project will have on the various aspects of the human environment. This includes the impact on economic and physical environments of the community.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Social Impact Assessment: Critical Articles’ Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social environment is such one aspect of the human environment that is affected by projects carried out in the society. Social impact assessment looks at the positive and negative effects of these projects and how to manage them. The articles critiqued below touch on the subject of environmental impact assessment, and especially on social impact assessment. The first article is Guidelines for Social Impact Assessments for Mining Projects in Greenland. This article was written in the year 2009 by the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, Greenland. The article provides information on the guidelines that mining projects should follow when doing social impact assessment in Greenland. The article highlights the process of carrying out this assessment plus the format of an SIA report required for mining projects in Greenland (Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, Greenland [BMP] 7). The second article is The Significance of Social and Economic Impacts in Environmental Assessment by Lawrence David. The article provides information on how to determine social and economic impacts and the importance of the same in environmental assessment in Canada (Lawrence 19). The third article is Guide to Free Prior and Informed Consent by Hill, Lillywhite and Simon. This Oxfam article provides information on how communities can engage project implementers in their society and how to negotiate for shared benefits from the project in addition to learning more about the same and giving informed consent (Hill, Lillywhite and Simon 19). The first article can be very useful to investors that are intending to start mining projects in Greenland. However, the scope of the article is considerable narrow as compared to the other two articles. This is given that it focuses solely on Greenland and mining activities therein. As such, the information on the article cannot be confidently generalized to apply to other countries or to other projects that are carried out in Greenland outside the scope of mining. However, the information therein may be more accurate, in-depth and analytical given the special focus on one country and one form of activity. It is similar to the other two articles, especially the second one, considering that they both touch on the subject of social impact assessment.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second article by Lawrence tends to have a bigger s cope than the first one. It focuses on both social and economic impacts of projects. It is also not limited to one form of project; rather, the information therein can be consumed by stakeholders in many fields who are interested in social and economic impact assessment. However, the similarity with the first article is that it also tends to focus on one country (Canada), albeit obliquely. It is identical to the third article in the sense that both address the significance of projects on the indigenous community. The third article deviates significantly from the first two as far as the target audience is concerned. This article targets indigenous communities and gives them information on how to engage project implementers in their society. The article is of little value to a project manager, benefitting community rights’ activists more. However, the article provides a refreshing look on the issue of the impact of projects from the perspective of the community. In conclusion, it is important to note that all the three articles provide credible information on the topics that they are addressing. This is considering that they are authored by noteworthy individuals affiliated to noteworthy institutions. For example, the first article is affiliated to the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, Greenland (BMP 5). The second is affiliated to the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency’s Research and Development Program (Lawrence 2), while the third is affiliated to the Oxfam organization (Hill et al 4). However, one major weakness in all the three articles is that they contain complicated and technical information that is intended for the consumption of the professionals and not for the layman. This even includes the third article that alleges to target the indigenous communities. Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, Greenland. 2009. Guidelines for Social Impact Assessments for Mining Projects in Greenland. BMP, November 2009.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Social Impact Assessment: Critical Articles’ Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hill, Christina, Lillywhite, Serena and Simon, Michael. 2010. Guide to Free Prior and Informed Consent. Oxfam Australia, June 2010. Lawrence, David P. 2004. The Significance of Social and Economic Impacts in Environmental Assessment. Research and Development Program, Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency, March 2003.

Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theory - Research Paper Example The tolerance of others’ viewpoints and open attitude towards change along with having the scientific bent of mind are the concepts of basic philosophy for REBT theory. The aim of this motivation is to make people live happily while they are with others or in intimate relationships. The motivation provides an opportunity for people to strive towards happiness, while learning, working or enjoying. The â€Å"ABC† constructs of this theory refers to some event that happens to people, called as ‘Antecedent’, People’s thoughts with reference to such happenings, reflecting what happened in the event, which refers to ‘Belief’ and the ‘consequence’ of individual thought process or belief. This reflects behavior of people and their emotions, resulting from such thoughts. There is no particular theory as each individual is influenced by certain hereditary beliefs, which lead to thinking or acting irrationally and reacting emotionally. The environment that involves parents, teachers, peers and siblings are some of such influences. REBT relates to dysfunctions, which include any person’s irrational belief system generated from an experience, leading to undesirable situations and consequences. The concept of psychological health relates to the defeat of this human natural tendency, while preparing the individual for relying on rational beliefs, using the principal of unconditional acceptance. This theory teaches about balancing the social interest with self-interest, required for healthy living philosophy. (Jorn 2009) Albert Ellis is the founder of this theory, who presented it in 1950s to enhance the techniques of psychoanalysis and behaviorism, while fully addressing the relation between cognition and emotional disturbance. Developing the ABCDE model of this theory in relation to emotional disturbance, Ellis discovered the core irrational beliefs, which included demand for comfort, approval in love matters as well as demand

Explain the different conceptions of entrepreneurial strategies Essay

Explain the different conceptions of entrepreneurial strategies provided by Schumpeter (1996 and 2000) and Kirzner (1997). Use - Essay Example This appraisal is based on five different set of ideas which can be described as disequilibrating/ equilibrating, or new information or no new information, extremely innovative or not as much innovative, exceptionally conventional and originally imaginative innovation. The next step would be to assess the types of opportunities that can be commercially recognized and used beneficially (Beam, 2007) Perception The general perception is that individuals who are tough, resilient and progressive are most likely to favor Schumpeterian opportunities, and they persistently try to find inventive ways and means to expand their company. Besides their considered directions for their enterprises is to fulfill future requirements by developing practical and practical products, while individuals who concentrate on current demands have a tendency to pursue Kirznerian opportunities. This is the major inherent difference between the Schumpeterian and Kirznerian formulation of entrepreneurship; one tak es the economic systems away from stability while the other proposes a system that will ensure equilibrium. Both theories are pertinent and applicable to entrepreneurship in different ways. Some entrepreneurs establish their businesses and work towards its expansion and growth; while there are entrepreneurs who seize opportunities as and when presented and capitalize on the presented opportunities. Case Study of Ed Bazinet Schumpeter contends that the main distinctiveness of entrepreneurship is to bring together existing resources using a new and innovative approach. This is not a regular process, but it results in the acquisition of the latest knowledge and creation of new goods, which needs a new supply sources for production of these goods. This form of entrepreneurship creates a monopoly position for that organization. A case study is given of Ed Bazinet who was an extremely successful businessman. He came from a working class background, and although he was interested in busine ss he had no money to start one. He started working at a job as a purchaser to get the requisite experience, and travelled continuously to analyze markets. He began to buy up decorative pieces and found markets for the products. He called his enterprise Department 56, and its inception makes interesting reading. In 1971, Bazinet received a visit from potter who made his living by making ceramic items in his garage and selling them. The potter showed Bazinet as a ceramic Victorian house shaped like a cookie jar. Bazinet perceived a business opportunity where others had not. He asked the potter to modify the item by making a window in it, and place a light inside so that it would glow and can be used as a nightlight. The original 6 houses sold immediately, and there was an immediate demand for more. The potter did not have the resources to mass produce these miniature Victorian houses, so Bazinet had the houses made in Taiwan, and that formed his original snow village. The reason that made these villages a business success was the idea of the creation of entire snow villages with houses and components of every imaginable depiction. An outstanding feature of snow villages created by Department 56 was that they have Styrofoam and cardboard fitted sleeves which protect them from damage. The business further prospered with the

Different approaches to leadership and management

Different approaches to leadership and management In this approach the subordinates or employees have very minute opportunity to make a decision by themselves most of the time the leader used to dictate his employees and control them by himself. This approach is the extreme type of transactional leadership. In which the reward of the work is directly defined by the leader. This approach is mostly used in unskilled labour work where there is no or lessor need of skill or expertise are required. This approach often results in high turnover and high level of absenteeism. In my point of view Marcionne has used this kind of leadership. But because of his foresight thinking and proactive decision making pull out the fiat from the worst crisis of its history when it was about to collapse but Marcionne bravely and intelligently stabilize the condition of the fiat. Democratic leadership approach This is the moderate approach towards the decision making process of the company. In this approach employees are often called for participation. Although the final decision is made by the leader but the employees feels more confidence in decision making because they think that their destiny reward management and other matters are settle by themselves. This approaches although takes more time but the results are often fruitful. This type of leader ship is often used where there is more importance of team work rather than just speed in productivity. In case of Oticon Kolind established this kind of environment in its organisation and there was no segregation on the behalf of seniority or hierarchal rank but just if they want do a work they have to just ask from their team leader. Laissez-faire Leadership approach Actually this is a French phrase which means leave it be and in this approach managers or leaders often leave their employees to work by themselves.it can be proved effective if there is proper and effective feedback system prevails. This kind of approach often prevails where the workers are highly skilled and self-motivated. In Google Corporation this type of the approach is being followed. Oticon Background and market position Oticon was the first hearing aid manufacturing Danish company came into being in 1904. Oticon was number one in market shares of 15% in worldwide hearing aids products in the end of the 70 because their technology advancement in miniaturization enabled them for the mass production of hearing aids. This position was challenged by the invention of the ITE (in the ear hearing airs device) that was a better technological substitute than the BTE which dominated by Oticon. The market share of Oticon dropped from 15% to 7% by 1987 since the introduction of the ITE. Lacking the economies of scale from BTE, Oticon became the number three hearing aids behind Siemens Audiologische Technik (Erlangen, Germany) and Starkey (Minneapolis, USA). With these conditions, we can address the competitive requirements of Oticon in the audiology industry. Being number three is very difficult to sustain any profitable business because it cannot compete with the market leaders in financial resources, marketing, brand equity, as well as technology creation with the companies like Siemens and Starkey. To survive they need to improve from their current strengths of high quality and high cost manufacturer to agile company with highly selected customer focus since quality hearing aids is the standard of regular products. Steps to improve financial and market position. The strategic plan for achieving competitive advantage in this industry can be addressed using Technology advancement Economies of scale Customers Organization innovation. The breakthrough invention of ITE that eroded the market share of BTE is the best way for any company to gain the competitive advantage. The know- how on how the mass produce the needed hearing aids can realize the economies of scales for the new invention like ITE. Targeting specific market segment for the best ROI as well as making a company more agile is also valid method to achieve competitive advantage in audiology industry. After Lars Kolind assumed the position of Oticons CEO, he cut 10-15% of corporate employees and loss-money businesses. He also realized that the company cannot compete with two bigger competitors in technology, marketing and sales because of the financial resources. With these constraints, he could only try to focus on customers and organization innovation. Oticon was targeting the high-priced segment of the market as well as emphasizing to nearly 5000 key hearing aid dispensers and hearing clinics. In the organizational change to make Oticon more agile, he thought if he wanted to compete with big company like Siemens, he could not just make 10% change and expected to beat Siemens. This change has to be radical, the radical new organization will not have formal hierarchical reporting relationships but with a resource allocation system build around self-organized project teams Revolution in Oticon With the globalization of the hearing aid productions and the price pressure from the competition, the best production in the industry is not good enough as the foundation to sustain the business for Oticon. For Oticon to survive and to succeed in this industry, it will need to reduce total cost of conducting the business by 30%. With this figure set as the ultimate goal, a project for Oticon was formed as project 330 to achieve 30% business expense reduction in 3 year. To accomplish this goal, the current organization structure needed to be overhauled. Sustainable competitive advantage can only be achieved with an organization that is creative, innovative as well as flexible. Two tangible actable steps: Dialogue and Action can be used to support this conceptual road map to construct this new organization. This organization should be unique and fast moving as well as highly efficient. The basic characteristics of this new organization are self-defined role (employee can initiate, participate and assemble a project to complete for proper funding) multi-level role (every employee should participated at least 3 projects, in different fields) transparency (knowledge is shared organization wise). This new organization would be a team-based (project-based) organization without formal structure. Three key inhibitors needed to be removed for this new organization: (1) paper, the document that circulates around offices and (2) wall, the partition among offices. The dialogue and action is a more efficient way for communication. With the intention to disband the old, formal hierarchical structure of Oticon A/S, the process to establish an new organization is truly a revolution in business reengineering. After the cost cutting and tweaking the company, Lars Kolind started to turn the company around by producing profit of DKK 22 million in 1989. He knew this business model was not sustainable. He needed to use a radical approach for reorganization to find a sustainable business model. On January 1, 1990, Kolind wrote a 4-page memo (asked all Oticon employees to think the unthinkable) for change, it was the revolution needed for the organization change in Oticon. three critical issues of creating an agile team of 150 employees in head quarter could be identified from this case study (1) The disagreement among old and young employees on this changing process, old managers and older employees and young newer employees that felt the need for the change. (2) Culture barrier in Oticons functional departments that located in different cities, R/D versus Corporate administration. To create this cross-functional team- based organization, he need to breakdown the barrier among internal functional divisions. He felt it would be a disaster to merge these two distinct departments with different cultures. He proposed to have every department to third place to start a brand new corporate culture. 3) Kolind introduced new open plane office structure that removes the wall between upper level and lower level management and introduce latest computer and IT system which enables the employees to directly access any manager at any time. To gathering sufficient momentum for adoption of these new ideas, Kolind devoted himself to preparing employees to move to this new head quarter. He hired Sten Davidsen to manage the change process. Davidsen prepared a one-page map of the change process to informed the progress and steps for employees to follow. Three groups were involved in this changing process (1) one group worked directly with the architects and engineers as they designed the new buildings for the new head quarter (2) one group edited and published projected 330, the newsletter to keep every employee posted on the progress (3) one group was formed with 13 people to train other employee to use the new IT system. Monthly meetings were help to keep every employee with the concept of new organization as well as the new business model. Kolinds leadership in Oticon Without the production of new innovative ITE, Oticon slipped to number three market share in the global market. Although the tweaking of the business by cutting 10- 15% corporation employees and some money-loss business to turn the company around with profit. This cut and cut business model is not sustainable. Being number three, the Oticon lacked the financial resources to compete with Siemens in every business aspects from R/D spending for new technology, marketing, branding, even distribution channels or targeting specific customer segment. The only way to complete with Siemens and Starkey were to create an agile organization that can not be replicated. The thought of non-replicated organization was the main reason for the think the unthinkable Manifesto written by him on January 1, 1990. the only way to compete and survive is to create a total different organization that is agile and competent. As a CEO, Kolind had done enough to prepare his troops to march to the field for the flight. It is always the internal inertia of the old that prevents this advancement. The perception of the company was performed OK created a false impression the change was not needed, to see a CEO full charged for this radical change was viewed as trouble-some by a lot of old employees. Fiat Fiat is an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobile Torino, (Italian Automobile Factory Turin). It was founded in 1899 by a group of aristocrats and businessmen, including Giovanni Agnelli, in the northern Italian city of Turin in Piedmont. The first car produced was called 3V2 HP One hundred fifty workers in a small local factory produced 24 of them in 1900. In 1902, Giovanni Agnelli became the managing director. Fiats first modern factory, Lingotto, was inaugurated in 1923, and a more modern one, Mirafiori in 1939. Both were named for the neighbourhoods in Turin where they were located. Fiat cars first appeared in America in 1908 when a factory in Poughkeepsie, NY was licensed to make them. It functioned until 1917. Currently, Fiat has five factories in Italy; two in Brazil; one in Poland and one in Argentina altogether employing about 53,000 workers, about half of whom are in Italy. Fiat has been controlled by the Agnelli family from the beginning. After Giovanni died in 1945, Vittorio Valletta ran the company on their behalf until 1966 when Giovannis grandson, Gianni Agnelli took over. By the time of his death in 2003, Fiat had grown into a multi-national corporation. Apart from automobiles, Fiat also makes trucks, buses, agricultural vehicles. It invests heavily in research and development and controls such famous luxury car makers as Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Maserati and Ferrari. The company operates in 50 countries, and owns Ia Stampa, Turins daily newspaper. Currently Luca Cordero di Montezemolo is the president but John Elkann, an Agnelli heir, is vice-president, maintaining the Agnelli presence in flesh and blood. In 2008, the Fiat Group had gross revenues of nearly $88 billion. GM And Fiat Strategic And Industrial Alliance Quick facts of the case: In 2000 Fiat and GM enter into a strategic and industrial alliance (Fiat acquires a 5.1% stake in GM and GM acquires a 20% stake in Fiat). The agreement included a put option, which stipulated that Fiat would have the right to sell the remaining 80% to GM after 4 years at a fair market value. Fiat entered into the alliance to save its declining auto division (losses since early 90s) GM entered to keep pace with consolidation trend and to help its European and Latin American divisions. Synergies like cost savings, cross sharing of automotive technologies were focused upon. By 2004, Fiat planned to exercise the put option, but GM rendered it void because Fiat had sold its financing arm and had recapitalized. End of the alliance Mid-2004 GM agreed to help Fiat out of its financial turbulence. However, by end 2004 there were speculations that GM was seeking to sell its stake in Fiat and deny the obligation of the put option. GM argued that the put option was void because Fiat had sold its financing arm Fidis. Fiat countered by saying GM could buyout 51% of Fidis and that Fiats strategic freedom was restricted because the alliance between GM and Fiat stipulated that Fiat could not enter into alliances with others (relationship-specific investment). Fiat agreed to cancel the put option if GM paid $3 billion, but GM only agreed to pay up to the book value of its stake, which was $500 million ultimately GM pays $2 billion toget rid of this put option. Recovery of fiat Back in Turin, the break-up of the Fiat-GM alliance was presented as a triumph. Fiat placed advertisements proclaiming Fiat is all-Italian again. It was about to launch the Grande Punto a sharply-styled, larger version of the mainstream Fiat model and buyers in its home country got the message: Fiats market share took an upturn. At the same time his newly-appointed engineering chief Harald Wester was investigating whether sophisticated computer simulations could eliminate the need to build and test expensive prototypes and thus reduce development time. The result was the new Bravo, which went on sale in Britain last week. It progressed from design to production in a record 18 months, about half the usual time. Table of Contents Different approaches to leadership 1 Oticon 2 Fiat 6

India vs Bharat Essay

Ancient Indians were not known to have a great sense of history. Historians have had to rely a lot on accounts by foreign travellers and foreign sources to reconstruct our history. And all such sources, including Megasethenes, Fa-hsien and many medieval Arab travellers, have uniformly found that Indians were remarkably law abiding and that crime was very rare. Most historians including A.L. Basham and recent writers like Abraham Eraly have treated such rosy accounts with suspicion merely because prescriptions in legal literature, largely comprising of the Smritis, reflected a more insecure and harsher society. This could either show that these foreign travellers were all fanciful in their writings on ancient India or that these ‘sacred’ texts played a very minimal role in governing the Hindu way of life. Apart from the absurdity of the suggestion that a traveller would lie in praise of a foreign land, the later scenario appears more probable because of another very interesting facet of ancient Hindu society- minimal State interference in the daily life of a citizen. Therefore there was no overarching government administering a code of laws or enforcing punishments to maintain law and order and prevent crimes. The codes of Manu, Katyayana or Narada were largely irrelevant to the common Hindu. There appears to have been a latent realisation that the State and its laws are inherently incapable of creating a crime-free society and the onus for this has to rest more locally; perhaps even on the individual. And it is this realisation that has to dawn in today’s India. The realisation that ’12000 plus police stations in some 7 lakh towns and villages cannot regulate over 110 crore people’. Prof. Werner Menski, in his seminal work on Hindu Law (Hindu Law: Beyond Tradition and Modernity, Oxford University Press, 2003), explains the Hindu view of dealing with crimes most accurately. He writes that despite the recognition of fall in human values from the golden period of early ages, law and punishment in the late classical period were never used to displace â€Å"self-control† as the primary social norm. He writes-†The conceptual expectation of self-controlled order in classical Hindu law would have empowered, in principle if not in practice, all Hindus to determine for  themselves, as individuals subject to the highest order, what they should be doing. A ruler’s claim to make what Hart called ‘primarily rules’ could never have developed in such a conceptual climate, since in the classical Hindu systems such basic rules were to be cultivated in the social sphere and should then be implemented locally and individually in self-controlled fa shion.† It would be quite wrong to assume that the traditional, classical reliance on individual and situational self-control was completely abandoned†¦threats of punishment of are not purely secular†¦as most legal commentators have assumed†¦transgressions of Dharma are also seen as sins, which require penance and/ or attract posthumous consequences.† (Emphasis supplied) Therefore, the recognition that the primary onus of adhering to Dharma is on the individual naturally meant that external/ societal interventions in the form of laws and punishments were superfluous in creating a crime-free society. The emphasis instead was on encouraging a Dharmic conscience among citizens. Prof. Menski explains the current relevance of this idea- â€Å"In this regard it is instructive to refer to the Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 which is widely seen as an example of the futile attempts by the state law to abolish socio-legal practices in Indian society†¦disgusted with the horrible stalemate over thousands of dowry deaths every year, some women activists began to call for a moral reappraisal. Yet, does this mean that the wheel of history should in fact be turned be back to Asoka’s idealism? Postmodernist analysis recognises (albeit with some reluctance) that the old Hindu concepts of ‘examining one’s conscience’ (atmanastuti) and ‘model behaviour’ (Sadacara) retain their relevance today. While some modernist commentators have tremendous difficulty with this kind of approach, it cannot be just dismissed out of hand.† What is needed in India today is a moral reappraisal on Dharmik lines. We Indians have come to imbibe amorality. In the western conception of  Individual freedom and liberty, morality is a shackle. A variety of western thinkers including Nietzsche, Freud, Foucault, Marx joined cause in attacking allegiance to ‘morality’ as something that thwarts individual flourishing or sustains certain unequal socio-economic relations. We have subconsciously adapted this attitude of amorality as a natural concomitant of individual freedom or free market; without realising that unlike western morality which was fostered and sustained by the Church and the State Bharatiyamorality is individual-centric and freedom-enabling. It is also important to emphasise, especially in the current context, that our morality is entirely gender-neutral. A Dharmik society or Bharat will render most kinds of activism that we have seen after the Delhi gang rape, especially the feminist variety, redundant. India unfortunately has forgotten to teach its children Dharmic morality. The only moralities we have come to follow are freedom and success. Today we stand in awe of a man from Gujarat who built a great business empire apparently through unethical and morally-suspect means; all in the name of his success. Seven centuries ago Marco Polo stood in awe of a different kind of Gujarati business men- the ordinary merchants of Lata who according to the Venetial traveller â€Å"are among the best and most trustworthy merchants in the world; for nothing on earth would they tell a lie and all that they say is true.† Isn’t this an example of the difference between India and Bharat?

Airtel HRM

Because we cannot provide ARÊTE'S personnel replacement chart we have made our own overview which we belief that must be a little similar to not only AIRTIME but also all other companies in BANGLADESH. The above figure has 2 approaches they are: Approach 1 The first is the traditional approach. Create a chart for each work group similar to the one shown in Figure 1. For each worker, identify at least three back-ups.Indicate by a code whether each worker can do the whole Job at present or if the individual needs additional training. (A typical code is RAN = Ready now as a replacement; RI ? Needs six months of on the Job development to be ready; and RE = Needs one year of on-the-Job development. ) Next to the code, managers can indicate what additional training or practical experience might be needed so that the worker can successfully perform all aspects of the work. This chart can be drafted in a group setting or by a manager and then shared more widely for reaction and improvemen t. Approach 2The second is a more detailed approach and is based on the so-called DIDACTIC Developing a Curriculum. (For more detailed information about the approach, see http://www. Dacca. Org. ) While DIDACTIC has traditionally been used to pinpoint the work activities of one Job or occupation, it can also be more creatively used to list all the work activities of a department or division. DIDACTIC is quite simple. Think of it as based on structured brainstorming. Call all the workers of a department or staff unit together?that can be done by shift?and ask them what they do every day regardless of their respective Jobs.Place each work activity, beginning with a verb, on a single sheet of paper and post it on a wall for everyone to see. (Examples of work activities might include â€Å"meets with prospective donors,† â€Å"advises the programming board,† or â€Å"updates the website. â€Å") When conducting a DIDACTIC session, it is most useful for one person to faci litate and several others to write down the work activities and post them on the wall. Once the brainstorming is finished, the activities can be organized into categories. The result of this session will be a map of all the work activities?essentially, a unimpressive Job description?of a unit or department.Once that (perhaps lengthy) list of work activities has been identified, it is then possible to examine each task to indicate which employees?and how many?perform those activities. Such a comprehensive list of work activities can guide cross-training and on-the-Job training to plan replacements. This approach can also be helpful in identifying and attempting to eliminate time-wasting work activities. It can also reduce the time it takes to train replacements by making clear exactly what work is done. The Job map can be translated into a checklist to guide, and effectively accelerate, on-the-Job cross-training.Such documentation of training will then aid managers in holding employe es accountable for knowing what to do. Promotion means to give a higher position, status, salary and responsibility to the employee. So, the vacancy can be filled by promoting a suitable candidate from the same organization. TRANSFER: Transfer means a change in the place of employment without any change in the position, status, salary and responsibility of the employee. So, the vacancy can e filled by transferring a suitable candidate from the same organization.REHIRING: The employees who have retired from the Job but they are rehired for their contribution and experience also the employee who leave the Job for a long period they also rehired if they apply to the organization internally. JOB POSTING: The major means for recruiting employees for other Jobs within the organization is a Job posting system. Job posting is a system in which the employer provides notices of Job openings and employees respond by applying for specific openings. The organization can notify employees of all J ob vacancies by posting deices, circulating publications or in some other way inviting employees to apply for jabs.In a unionized organization, Job posting and bidding can be quite formal; the procedure often is spelled out in the labor agreement. Is an organization that always focus on internal recruitment, promotions and transfers. They always motivate the internal employees to their career path in right way in AIRTIME. They always show them the right system so that AIRTIME can get their loyal employee and most importantly can recruit their employees internally which cost effective also. Promotion and transfer is highly appreciated in AIRTIME. They promote their employees and sometimes transfer them to other places with facilities.To get promote or to get promotion with transfer the employees must be eligible for some criteria. They are: They have to be on-roll employee of AIRTIME Ltd. Or its subsidiaries; For Brand S – have had at least 12 months of continuous service with AIRTIME services ; For Brand F/SMS, 1&2 – have had at least 18 months of continuous service with AIRTIME or one of its subsidiaries; Form Brand 3 & above – have had at least 24 months of continuous service with AIRTIME or one of its subsidiaries; Have spent at or a Job in another business unit or at another location within the company.Is case if an employee has changed location in the same circle while doing the same Job/role, he/she will be eligible to apply for the UP; Is cases where an employee has accepted a position as a consequence of organization changes, the employee in addition to satisfying the above conditions also needs to spends at least 6 months in the position before he/she is eligible of the UP; For the purpose of counting the minimum tenure as required above the following do not constitute a role change: Additional Jobs added on the existing Job;Job change within the same vertical in a function continuing to report to the same position or manager; Job name change, if the primary duties remain the same; A promotion with no change in responsibilities; Have been rated other than the following ratings ‘ALL', ‘ALL', ‘ALL' in their least performance appraisal in case of Band 1 and above employees; Have been rated other than the ‘AH' rating in their latest performance appraisal in case of Band F, SMS and below employee; This is not applicable to young leaders in their first year training.In addition of fulfilling the above eligibility criteria, in case of a manager electing a candidate from his immediate (6 months) ex-team, he needs to take the consent of the current manager of the team. AIRTIME focuses more in rehiring. Because they belief that hiring an old employee than a new employee is far more better. Because the old employee knows a lot about the organization also knows the tradition and the culture of the organization and also it is cost effective. To rehire AIRTIME has some guideline.An ex-employee can be considered for re-hiring if: He/she has resigned voluntarily during his/her previous tenure; Must not have obtained performance rating of ‘ALL/ALL/ALL or AH' in the appraisal cycle before leaving the service of the company. To be considered for rehiring, an ex-employee has to apply for an open position after the period of recall specified in the following clause has passed and got selected for the same after going through the selection procedure.An employee who had been laid off shall be considered as re-hired when the position he/she has applied for and got selected is different from the position help prior to layoff in the same or different unit, where essential functions, requirements ND/or conditions of employment differ from the position help prior to layoff. From Competition: Re-hiring of ex-employees from competition (I. E.

Marine and Coastal Ecosystems Degradation Essay - 1314 Words

The ocean still remains as one of the important natural resource capital of many nations. The numerous benefits (food, climate regulation, nutrients recycling, etc) particularly the quality of life derived from marine and coastal areas have raised global concern for the adoption of sustainable strategies that will ensure the existence of marine and coastal areas in its natural state with less impact caused by externalities. The natural structure and function of coastal marine ecosystems are faced with a lot of environmental and ecological challenges. The key issues of coastal marine systems sustainability are discussed below. Coastal Marine Environmental Degradation The degree of pollutions is of a greater concern when considering†¦show more content†¦According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, fish stocks overexploited, depleted or those recovering from depletion accounted for about 28 percent in 2007. For instance Taiwan experienced a decline in offshore and coastal fisheries from 370.9 thousand tons in 1990 to 135.4 thousand tons in 2007 (Liu, 2012). Countries in Asia and West Africa suffer from unsustainable fishing due to illegals fishing lack of monitoring systems among others. The benefits lost to fishing nations amounts to $50 billion per annum (UNCD, 2012). Among such benefits include income from source of employment it creates and food which is the main source protein for coastal communities, drugs tourism and so on. Minerals located in and around the ocean are also at risk of being depleted as a result of the invasion of more sophisticated technologies. Ecological and Biodiversity Health Population growth in coastal regions coupled with urbanisation and industrialization has resulted to land reclamation for developing new cities, construction of habours and ports thereby affecting ecosystem of coastal areas especially estuaries, coral reefs and wetlands. From 1990 to 2008, there was an average sea reclamation of 285 km2 annually in china and since 1950s China has lost 57% of its coastal wetlands, 73% of its mangroves, and 80% of its coral reefs (CCICED, 2010). The benefits and functions provided byShow MoreRelatedTourism Essay on the Caribbean1061 Words   |  5 PagesLecturer: Ms. Mackay Negative environmental impact of tourism in the Caribbean Coastal and Marine Resources The overall environmental effects of tourism in the Caribbean involve environmental degradation which hinders sustainability. Environmental effects related to tourism are problematic and may cause irreversible impacts. 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